DeepSeek open-sourced DeepSeek-R1, an LLM fine-tuned with reinforcement learning (RL) to improve thinking capability. DeepSeek-R1 attains outcomes on par with OpenAI’s o1 model on several benchmarks, including MATH-500 and SWE-bench.

DeepSeek-R1 is based upon DeepSeek-V3, a mix of specialists (MoE) design just recently open-sourced by DeepSeek. This base model is fine-tuned using Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), a reasoning-oriented variant of RL. The research group also carried out knowledge distillation from DeepSeek-R1 to open-source Qwen and Llama models and released several variations of each